The use of recycled materials contributes to the circular economy by reducing the demand for virgin raw materials and mitigating the environmental degradation caused by mining activities. It has been reported that the consumption of copper scrap only accounts for 12.5% of the total environmental impact caused by the primary copper production process. This is due to the fact that scrap requires less energy and generates fewer greenhouse gas emissions during the smelting and refining stages. Primary copper production involves mining, milling, smelting, and refining, all of which are energy-intensive processes that release significant amounts of CO2 and other GHGs. In contrast, recycling copper scrap bypasses many of these steps, thus saving up to 85% of the energy required for primary production. Studies have shown that recycling one tonne of copper saves 32MWh of energy compared to producing the same amount from ore.